新型抗脑缺血海洋新药989对血栓性大鼠脑缺血的保护作用

该文采用 Fe Cl3局部涂抹损伤血管造成的大鼠大脑中动脉血栓模型 ,以脑梗塞范围、行为障碍、脑组织病理改变为观察指标 ,研究 989对脑血栓所致局部缺血性脑损伤的保护作用。结果表明 :9895.0、10 .0 mg/ kg手术后 30 min舌下静脉注射能明显缩小脑栓塞大鼠 2 4 h后的脑梗塞范围 ;98910 .0 mg/ kg能明显改善脑栓塞大鼠的行为障碍。脑组织病理检查发现 ;98910 .0 mg/ kg组动物大脑中动脉内血栓形成极少或未形成 ,脑组织缺血病变较轻。表明 989对栓塞性脑损伤具有明显的保护作用     

脑脓肿的CT诊断

作者报告了１００例脑脓肿，其中一般性脑脓肿６２例、脑内小脓肿３８例（强化灶小于１．５ｃｍ），并对发病部位，临床表现及ＣＴ表现的主要特点进行了讨论。     

A homogeneous model of the Deacon cell in a circumpolar ocean

Dynamics of the three-dimensional structure of the wind-driven Deacon cell in a β-plane channel are discussed in a homogeneous model in the presence of a sufficiently high ridge. The emphasis is on the water mass balance: how the northward surface Ekman drift is returned. It is demonstrated that a sufficiently high ridge can break up the geostrophic constraint and a net geostrophic volume flux across the open latitude band is allowed. It is found that: (1) the Deacon cell is a fundamentally three-dimensional structure, (2) wind forcing can drive an inter-basin water mass exchange in the Southern Ocean, and (3) zonal through-channel transport in the circumpolar ocean varies at different longitudes.     

Effect of land–ocean contrast on the structure of anomaly tropical circulation

While the important role of land–ocean contrast (LOC) in the mean atmospheric circulation is well-known, an intriguing question remains as to whether LOC can also significantly influence the anomaly circulation. This question is particularly important in the tropics, where a large part of the variabilities is known to be due to convective internal dynamics, which in turn can be significantly affected by LOC. In the present work, we investigate this question using a model of convectively driven anomaly circulation in the tropics. Emphasizing the lower tropospheric flow, we adopt a model describing the horizontal dynamics of the first baroclinic mode on an equatorial β-plane, in the presence of moist feedbacks. We introduce LOC in both latitudinal and longitudinal directions. Land surface dryness is taken into account in the moisture budget through the control of evaporative flux. A constant non-latent heating term is used over land in order to represent radiative and sensible heating effects. First, a control run is performed, numerically, without any LOC using random initial perturbations. The gravest mode that emerges from the control run, which is a wave-2 feature with a period around 20 days, is then used as the initial field for the model runs with LOC. The results show that LOC can significantly influence even the tropical variabilities. A latitudinal LOC, with a land mass in the northern hemisphere (north of 10°N), tends to shift the region of maximum precipitation slightly north of the equator with accompanying steeper gradients near the land–ocean boundary. The implications of this result for our understanding of Asian summer monsoon conditions are discussed. When LOC is only in the longitudinal direction, the dominant wave structure that emerges from the model run has wavenumber one and a period of about 35 days, very similar to the observed 30–60 day oscillation. In our final experiment, which is nearer to the realistic land–ocean configuration in the tropics, it is found that both latitudinal and longitudinal effects of LOC are important aspects of the tropical anomaly circulation. It is suggested that some of the patterns in the precipitation distribution, observed in the tropics and simulated using general circulation models are results of convectively induced internal dynamics, modulated by LOC.     

The transmission of spatially-compact internal wave packets through a critical level

Results are presented from numerical simulations of the incidence of a spatially-compact beam of internal waves on a shear layer containing a critical level. It is found that a significant fraction of the energy of the incident beam is transmitted across the critical level when the packet is narrow in physical space and when the energy density of the packet is not too high so that nonlinear effects are weak. As either the packet width or its energy density increases, the presence of a critical level renders the shear layer increasingly opaque to the transmission of energy. The familiar exponentially small value of the transmission coefficient is recovered as the spatial width of the packet exceeds (roughly) eight to ten wave lengths.     

北京地区脑卒中发病率的气象条件研究

根据北京抽样人群的脑卒中发病资料和前期气象资料的对比分析,揭示出不同年龄段人群发病率的年变化特点和多年变化趋势,讨论了前期气象因子与发病率的关系,并在此基础上设计对发病率有预测意义的分辨率为５级的统计模型,经Ｆ检验表明,预测效果较好。     

昆明地区气象条件变化与脑血管疾病的联系

对昆明市气象资料及近年来市内两家大型医院脑血管病住院人数进行了对比分析,结果表明,昆明市特有的气象条件变化使得脑血管疾病季节性发病率不同于内地其他地区,出血性脑血管病和缺血性脑血管病在四季均有多发月份,这可能与气候温和地区人们对极端气候适应能力较弱有关.     

3T MR成像对冠心病PCI的疗效评价

目的:应用3T心脏磁共振成像探讨心肌梗死择期PCI治疗前后心肌相对梗死量、左室心功能、梗死远端节段、梗死邻近节段、梗死节段的局部室壁增厚率的变化及其相关性。方法:收集本院2014年8月至2016年3月22例急性心肌梗死的患者,在术前、术后1周内、术后6个月行磁共振检查。观察并比较三组病例心肌相对梗死量、左室心功能、梗死远端节段、梗死邻近节段和梗死节段的局部室壁增厚率的差异。结果:心肌相对梗死量的比较,术前术后1周内、术后6个月分别为(13.1±7.6)%、(9.4±6.6)%,(8.9±6.4)%,重复检验P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。左室心功能的比较,左室心功能指标随着时间的延长渐进增强。左室射血分数分别为(43.9±10.9)%,(46.7±10.8)%,(52.3±12.5)%。左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)分别为(161.4±54.0) mL、(168.6±53.0) mL、(168.5±52.6) mL。左室收缩末期容积(LVSDV)分别为(91.62±43.5) mL、(91.3±43.7) mL、(82.5±43.4) mL,差异有统计学意义。室壁增厚率的变化,远端节段、近端节段及梗死透壁程度为1%~25%、26%~50%、51%~75%的心肌节段在术后1个月及半年室壁增厚率增加。梗死透壁程度在75%~100%的室壁增厚率在各时间点均未见明显改变。术前磁共振检查所见心肌梗死区域透壁程度越大,室壁增厚率越低,P<0.05。结论:择期PCI治疗可能缩小梗死心肌范围,改善总体心功能及局部心功能。3T心脏磁共振能够准确评价冠心病PCI疗效。      

同型半胱氨酸水平与脑梗死患者MTHFR基因C677T多态性之间的相关性研究

目的 探讨研究同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine,Hcy）水平与脑梗死患者亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）基因C677T的多态性之间的相关性。方法 选择2012年2月~2015年8月期间在笔者医院住院就诊的450例脑梗死患者作为研究组,其中糖尿病患者181例,非糖尿病患者269例,另外选择285例笔者医院门诊部健康的体检人员作为对照组,分别采用焦磷酸测序的方法检测分析MTHFR基因C677T的多态性,并分析各基因型与Hcy水平之间的相关性。结果 脑梗死组与健康对照组的MTHFR基因型分布之间的差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,脑梗死组T基因的频率明显比对照组高,差异有统计学意义（χ²=13.67,P=0.00）。脑梗死组患者的Hcy浓度明显高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=12.71,P=0.00）。脑梗死组患者各MTHFR基因型患者的Hcy水平之间比较,差异有统计学意义（F=17.68,P=0.00）。非糖尿病脑梗死患者的Hcy水平明显高于糖尿病脑梗死患者,差异有统计学意义（t=2.97,P=0.00）,非糖尿病组TT型的Hcy浓度明显高于糖尿病组,CC型的Hcy浓度明显低于糖尿病组,差异均有统计学意义（t=5.67,2.18;P=0.00,0.03）。糖尿病性脑梗死患者和非糖尿病脑梗死患者中,MTHFR基因为TT型的Hcy水平明显高于CC型和CT型,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,而CC型和CT型的Hcy水平之间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 脑梗死患者比健康人的MTHFR基因C677T的T等位基因频率高,且脑梗死患者的MTHFR基因C677T为TT基因型时血清中Hcy的水平更高,由此判断TT基因型可能是脑梗死发生的危险因素。     

大鼠局灶性脑梗塞的MRI及近红外光谱的动态变化研究

在大鼠实验性脑梗塞模型上，应用ＭＲＩ灰阶定量以及近红外光谱方法探讨脑梗塞早期诊断的可能性。方法：用尼龙丝插入大鼠一侧颈内动脉造成局灶性脑梗塞，再用Ｔ２加权的ＭＲＩ影像进行灰阶定量测定以及ＨａｍａｍａｔｓｕＮＩＲＯ－５００型近红外光谱仪观测脑血氧代谢的动态变化过程。结果：在缺血３０分钟后，用近红外光谱仪已可测出脑缺血侧的氧合血红蛋白和总血红蛋白量显著降低，还原型血红蛋白增加；在Ｔ２加权的ＭＲＩ影像灰阶定量研究中，缺血２０分钟后缺血区已可见灰阶轻度增强，缺血２小时后，缺血区的Ｔ２加权灰阶值较对照区增加５．５６％，缺血２０小时后，灰阶值较对照侧增加３７．８％。动物实验结果表明，用近红外光谱检测方法结合ＭＲＩ的Ｔ２加权灰阶定量，有可能对脑梗塞作出较早期的诊断。